Organic silicon is a compound composed of elements such as carbon, oxygen, silicon, and hydrogen. It has excellent physical, chemical, and mechanical properties and is widely used in the manufacturing of products such as sealants, coatings, plastics, lubricants, etc.

structure

Organic silicon materials have unique structures:

(1) Sufficient methyl groups on Si atoms shield the high-energy polysiloxane backbone;

(2) C-H has no polarity, resulting in very weak intermolecular interactions;

(3) The Si-O bond length is longer and the Si-O-Si bond angle is larger.

(4) Si-O bonds are covalent bonds with a 50% ionic bond characteristic (covalent bonds have directionality, while ionic bonds have no directionality).

characteristic

Due to the unique structure of organic silicon, which combines the properties of both inorganic and organic materials, it has basic properties such as low surface tension, low viscosity temperature coefficient, high compressibility, and high gas permeability. It also has excellent characteristics such as high and low temperature resistance, electrical insulation, oxidation stability, weather resistance, flame retardancy, hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance, non-toxic and odorless, and physiological inertness. It is widely used in aerospace, electronics and electronics, construction, transportation, chemical industry Textile, food, light industry, medical and other industries, among which organic silicon is mainly used for sealing, bonding, lubrication, coating, surface activity, demolding, defoaming, foam suppression, waterproofing, moisture-proof, inert filling, etc. With the continuous growth of the quantity and variety of organic silicon, the application fields are constantly expanding, forming a unique and important product system in the field of new chemical materials. Many varieties are irreplaceable and essential for other chemicals.

The metabolism of organisms also requires the participation of organic silicon, which usually exists in the form of silicates or silanes [3]. Organic silicon plays an important role in various bodily functions and is directly related to the absorption of minerals. The human body has an average of about seven grams of silicon, which far exceeds other important minerals such as iron. Iron and silicon are essential elements for the human body and play a crucial role in maintaining normal metabolism.

Organosilicon materials can be divided into silane coupling agent (organosilicon chemical reagent), bioactive organosilicon, silicone oil (silicone grease, silicone lotion, silicone surfactant), high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, liquid silicone rubber, silicone resin, composite, etc. according to their different forms.

Basic Introduction

The basic structural unit of organic silicon products is composed of silicon oxygen links, and the side chains are connected to various other organic groups through silicon atoms. Therefore, in the structure of organic silicon products, there are both "organic groups" and "inorganic structures". This special composition and molecular structure combine the characteristics of organic matter with the functions of inorganic matter. Compared with other polymer materials, the most outstanding performance of silicone products is:

Temperature resistance characteristics

Organic silicon products have a silicon oxygen (Si O) bond as the main chain structure. The bond energy of the C-C bond is 82.6 kcal/mole, and the bond energy of the Si O bond in organic silicon is 121 kcal/mole. Therefore, the thermal stability of organic silicon products is high, and the chemical bonds of molecules do not break or decompose at high temperatures (or radiation exposure). Organic silicon is not only resistant to high temperatures, but also to low temperatures, and can be used over a wide temperature range. Both chemical and physical mechanical properties have little variation with temperature.

Weather resistance

The main chain of organic silicon products is - Si O -, and there are no double bonds present, so they are not easily decomposed by ultraviolet light and ozone. Organic silicon has better thermal stability, radiation resistance, and weather resistance than other polymer materials. The service life of organic silicon in natural environments can reach several decades.

Electrical insulation performance

Organic silicon products all have good electrical insulation performance, and their dielectric loss, voltage resistance, arc resistance, corona resistance, volume resistance coefficient, and surface resistance coefficient are among the top in insulation materials. Moreover, their electrical performance is little affected by temperature and frequency. Therefore, they are a stable electrical insulation material widely used in the electronic and electrical industries. Organic silicon not only has excellent heat resistance, but also excellent water repellency, which ensures high reliability of electrical equipment when used under wet conditions.

Biological characteristics

Bioactive organic silicon is an essential nutrient for the human body. Organic silicon is an important element that constitutes human tissues and participates in metabolism. It exists in every cell of the human body, serving as a support for cell construction and assisting in the absorption of other important substances such as magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, etc. The human body can only continuously obtain organic silicon through food.

Scientists believe that organic silicon mainly exists in three forms in the human body:

（1） Soluble organic silicon, 10% by weight

（2） 30% present in various cell matrices

（3） 60% is used to synthesize proteins, which indicates that the amount of organic silicon we need every day is quite high.

If you want to maintain a youthful level for 5, 10, or even 30 years, it is particularly important to consume 20-30 milligrams of organic silicon daily.

Low surface tension and low surface energy

The main chain of organic silicon is very flexible, and its intermolecular forces are much weaker than those of hydrocarbons. Therefore, compared to hydrocarbons of the same molecular weight, its viscosity is lower, its surface tension is weak, its surface energy is small, and its film forming ability is strong. This low surface tension and low surface energy are the main reasons for its various applications: hydrophobic, defoaming, foam stability, anti sticking, lubrication, polishing and other excellent properties.

purpose

Due to the excellent properties mentioned above, organic silicon has a wide range of applications. It is not only used as a special material in aviation, cutting-edge technology, and military technology departments, but also in various sectors of the national economy. Its application scope has expanded to: construction, electronics and electrical, textiles, automobiles, machinery, leather and paper, chemical light industry, metals and paints, medicine and medical treatment, etc.